Plasma Kinetics
Baytril quickly reaches high bactericidal concentrations of active unbound drug in the circulation.
Whether administered orally or by injection, it reaches maximum plasma concentrations within around 2 hours in cats and dogs.
Plasma protein binding is low, maintaining a high level of unbound active drug in the circulation (3).
Baytril exhibits concentration-dependent killing activity against relevant Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria. This means that peak plasma concentration (Cmax) as well as the area under the time-concentration curve (AUC), but not the time the drug concentration remains above the MIC of the pathogen, correlates best with the efficacy of Baytril treatment (4), (5).
Once daily application of the total dose therefore has therapeutic advantages over splitting the dose into two portions. Single administration also increases convenience for the animal owner.
References
| (3) |
Villa R, Prandini E, Caloni F, Carli S: Serum protein binding of some sulphonamides, quinolones and fluoroquinolones in farm and domestic animals. J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl. 1): 21-86, 1997. |
| (4) |
Meinen JB, McClure JT, Rosin E: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in clinically normal dogs and mice and drug pharmacodynamics in neutropenic mice with Escherichia coli and staphylococcal infections. Am J Vet Res 56: 1219-1224, 1995. |
| (5) |
Wetzstein HG, DeJong A: In vitro bactericidal activity and post antibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones used in veterinary medicine. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 22-29, 1996. |
| (13) |
Monlouis JD, DeJong A, Limet A, Richez P: Plasma pharmacokinetics and urine concentrations after oral administration of enrofloxacin to dogs. Proceedings 7th EAVPT Congress, Madrid: J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl 1): 61-63, 1997. |
| (14) |
Richez P, Monlouis JD, Dellac B, Daube G: Validation of a therapeutic regimen for enrofloxacin in cats on the basis of pharmacokinetic data. J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl 1): 152-153, 1997. |
| (16) |
Scheer M: Concentrations of active ingredient in the serum and in tissues after oral and parenteral administration of Baytril. Vet Med Rev 2: 104-118, 1987. |
| (17) |
Scheer M, Stegemann M: Vergleich der Serumspiegel bei Hunden nach oraler, subkutaner und intravenöser Baytril®-Applikation; Sekretionsspiegel des Baytril® im Speichel bei Hunden. Proceedings WSAVA + FKDVG Kongreß Berlin: 437, 1993. | |
