Literature
Below you will find a list of the major sources of information on Baytril listed by category.
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Diseases
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General Information
Ihrke PJ: Bacterial skin disease in the dog: a guide to canine pyoderma. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1996
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Defense Mechanisms of the Skin
Ihrke PJ: Bacterial skin disease in the dog: a guide to canine pyoderma. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1996
Muller GH, Kirk RW, Scott DW: Bacterial Skin Diseases, in Muller GH, Kirk RW, Scott DW: Small Animal Dermatology, ed 4, W.B. Saunders Company Philadelphia: 211-246, 1989
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Bacterial Pathogens
Ihrke PJ: Bacterial skin disease in the dog: a guide to canine pyoderma. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1996.
Muller GH, Kirk RW, Scott DW: Bacterial Skin Diseases, in Muller GH, Kirk RW, Scott DW: Small Animal Dermatology, ed 4, W.B. Saunders Company Philadelphia: 211-246, 1989.
Aucoin DP: Target, the antimicrobial reference guide to effective treatment. North American Compendiums Inc., 1993.
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Skin Infection - A Multifactorial Condition
Ihrke PJ: Bacterial skin disease in the dog: a guide to canine pyoderma. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1996
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Infection and Inflammation
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General Information
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Bacterial Flora
King LG, Boothe DM: Bacterial infections of the respiratory tract in dogs and cats. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1997.
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Bacterial invasion strategies
King LG, Boothe DM: Bacterial infections of the respiratory tract in dogs and cats. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1997.
Keil DJ, Fenwick B: Role of Bordetella bronchiseptica in infectious tracheobronchitis in dogs. JAVMA 2: 200-207, 1998.
King RR: Pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections. Small Animal Respiratory Disorders: Proceedings of the Comparative Respiratory Society Symposium, held at the 1996 North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando: 13-16, 1996.
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General Information
Grauer GF: Urinary Tract Infections, in Allen DG (ed): Small Animal Medicine, Lippincott, Philadelphia: 625-655, 1991.
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Bacterial Pathogens
Aucoin DP: TARGET, the antimicrobial reference guide to effective treatment . North American Compendiums Inc., 1993.
Grauer GF: Urinary Tract Infections, in Allen DG (ed): Small Animal Medicine, Lippincott, Philadelphia: 625-655, 1991.
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Bacterial Invasion Strategies
Grauer GF: Urinary Tract Infections, in Allen DG (ed): Small Animal Medicine, Lippincott, Philadelphia: 625-655, 1991.
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Categories of UTI
Grauer GF: Urinary Tract Infections, in Allen DG (ed): Small Animal Medicine, Lippincott, Philadelphia: 625-655, 1991.
Barsanti JA: Prostatic infections: diagnosis and therapy. Selected proceedings from the scientific program of The North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando: 40-49, 1998.
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Product
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History
Norris S, Mandell GL: The quinolones: history and overview, in Andriole VT (ed): The quinolones, San Diego, Academic Press Inc: 1- 22, 1988.
Wentland MP: In memoriam: George Y. Lesher, Ph.D., in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone antimicrobial agents, ed 2., Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology : XIII - XIV, 1993.
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Chemistry
Altreuther P: Data on chemistry and toxicology of Baytril. Veterinary Medical Review 2: 87 - 89, 1987.
Brown SA: Fluoroquinolones in animal health. J vet Pharmacol Therap 19: 1 - 14, 1996.
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Mode of Action
Hooper DC, Wolfson JS: Mechanism of quinolone action and bacterial killing, in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents, ed 2. Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology: 53 - 75, 1993.
Shen LL: Quinolone - DNA interaction, in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents, ed 2. Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology: 77 - 95, 1993.
Morais Cabral JH, Jackson AP, Smith CV, Shikotra N, Maxwell A, Liddington RC: Crystal structure of the breakage-reunion domain of DNA gyrase. Nature Vol 388 / 28: 903 - 906, 1997.
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Antibacterial Spectrum
Breitschwerdt EB, Davidson MG, Aucoin DP, Levy MG, Szabados NS, Hegarty BC, Kuehne AL, James, RL: Efficacy of chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, and tetracycline for treatment of experimental Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in dogs. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 11: 2375-2381, 1991.
Kontos VI, Athanasiou LV: Use of enrofloxacin in the treatment of acute canine ehrlichiosis. Canine Practice 23 (3): 10-14, 1998.
Lindenstruth H, Frost JW: Enrofloxacin (Baytril®) – eine Alternative in der Psittakoseprophylaxe und -therapie bei importierten Psittaciden. Dtsch. tierärztl. Wschr. 100 (9): 364-368, 1993.
Studdert VP, Hughes KL: Treatment of opportunistic mycobacterial infections with enrofloxacin in cats. JAVMA 201 (9): 1388-1390, 1992.
Evans LM, Caylor KB: Mycobacterial lymphadenitis in a cat. Feline Practice 23 (4): 14-17, 1995.
Aucoin DP: TARGET, the antimicrobial reference guide to effective treatment. North American Compendiums Inc., 1993.
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In Vitro Antibacterial Activity
Wetzstein HG, DeJong A: In vitro bactericidal activity and post antibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones used in veterinary medicine. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 22-29, 1996.
Pirro F, Edingloh M, Schmeer N: Bactericidal and inhibitory activity of enrofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones in small animal patho-gens.: Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21 (12): 19-25, 1999.
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Postantibiotic Effect
Wetzstein HG, DeJong A: In vitro bactericidal activity and post antibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones used in veterinary medicine. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 22-29, 1996.
Novelli A, Mazzei T, Fallani S, et al: Postantibiotic leucocyte enhancement of fleroxacin compared to ciprofloxacin on S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains. Pharmacol Res 26 (suppl 1): 305, 1992.
Piddock LVJ: New quinolones and Gram-positive bacteria. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 38: 163-169, 1994.
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Inhibitory Quotient
Pirro F, Edingloh M, Schmeer N: Bactericidal and inhibitory activity of enrofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones in small animal patho-gens. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21 (12): 19-25, 1999.
Meinen JB, McClure JT, Rosin E: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in clinically normal dogs and mice and drug pharmacodynamics in neutropenic mice with Escherichia coli and staphylococcal infections. Am J Vet Res 56 (9): 1219-1224, 1995.
Heinen E: Comparative pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and difloxacin, as well as their main metabolites in dogs. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21 (12) : 12-18, 1999.
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Resistance
Brown SA: Fluoroquinolones in animal health. J vet Pharmacol Therap 19: 1-14, 1996.
Aucoin DP: Comparison of in vitro activity of enrofloxacin to other extended spectrum antimicrobials against common bacterial patho-gens in the dog. Proceedings 1st Int Symposium on Baytril: 21-25, 1992.
Aucoin DP: Antimicrobial resistance: Why the “big gun” theory is faulty. Presented at the ESVD/ECVD Congress Aalborg/Denmark: 68-71, 1992.
Smith JT, Lewin CS: Chemistry and mechanism of action of the quinolone antibacterials, in Andriole VT (ed): The Quinolones, San Diego, Academic Press: 23-82, 1988.
Hooper DC, Wolfson JS: Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to quinolones, in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone Antimicrobial
Agents, ed 2. Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology: 97-118, 1993.
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Absorption
Brown SA: Fluoroquinolones in animal health. J vet Pharmacol Therap 19: 1-14, 1996.
Küng K, Wanner M: Einfluß zweier verschiedener Futter auf die Pharmacokinetik von oral appliziertem Baytril® (Enrofloxacin) beim Hund. Kleintierpraxis 38, 2: 95-102, 1993.
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Plasma Kinetics
Villa R, Prandini E, Caloni F, Carli S: Serum protein binding of some sulphonamides, quinolones and fluoroquinolones in farm and domestic animals. J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl. 1): 21-86, 1997.
Meinen JB, McClure JT, Rosin E: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in clinically normal dogs and mice and drug pharmacodynamics in neu-tropenic mice with Escherichia coli and staphylococcal infections. Am J Vet Res 56: 1219-1224, 1995.
Wetzstein HG, DeJong A: In vitro bactericidal activity and post antibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones used in veterinary medicine. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 22-29, 1996.
Monlouis JD, DeJong A, Limet A, Richez P: Plasma pharmacokinetics and urine concentrations after oral administration of enrofloxacin to dogs. Proceedings 7th EAVPT Congress, Madrid: J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl 1): 61-63, 1997.
Richez P, Monlouis JD, Dellac B, Daube G: Validation of a therapeutic regimen for enrofloxacin in cats on the basis of pharmacokinetic data. J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl 1): 152-153, 1997.
Scheer M: Concentrations of active ingredient in the serum and in tissues after oral and parenteral administration of Baytril. Vet Med Rev 2: 104-118, 1987.
Scheer M, Stegemann M: Vergleich der Serumspiegel bei Hunden nach oraler, subkutaner und intravenöser Baytril® -Applikation; Sekretions-spiegel des Baytril® im Speichel bei Hunden. Proceedings WSAVA + FKDVG Kongreß Berlin: 437, 1993.
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Tissue Kinetics
DeManuelle TC, Ihrke PJ, Vulliet PR: Comparison of enrofloxacin skin concentrations in normal dogs and in dogs with pyoderma. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21 (12): 49-56, 1999.
Hawkins EC, Boothe DM, Guinn A, Aucoin DP, Nguyen J: Concentration of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite in alveolar macrophages and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of dogs. J vet Pharmacol Therap 21: 18-23, 1998.
"Scheer M: Concentrations of active ingredient in the serum and in tissues after oral and parenteral administration of Baytril. Vet Med Rev 2: 104-118, 1987."
Scheer M, Stegemann M: Vergleich der Serumspiegel bei Hunden nach oraler, subkutaner und intravenöser Baytril ® -Applikation; Sekretionsspiegel des Baytril® im Speichel bei Hunden. Proceedings WSAVA + FKDVG Kongreß Berlin: 437, 1993.
"Dorfman M, Barsanti J, Budsberg SC: Enrofloxacin concentrations in dogs with normal prostate and dogs with chronic bacterial prosta-titis. Am J Vet Res 56 (3): 386-390, 1995."
"Boeckh A, Boothe DM, Wilkie S: Time course of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite in peripheral leucocytes of dogs. Suppl. Compend. Contin. Educ. Pract Vet 21 (12): 40-43, 1999."
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Activity in Pus or Cellular Debris
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Intracellular Activity
"Aucoin DP: Intracellular-intraphagocytic dynamics of fluoroquinolone antibiotics: a comparative review. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 9-13, 1996."
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Accumulation in Phagocytes
"Aucoin DP: Intracellular-intraphagocytic dynamics of fluoroquinolone antibiotics: a comparative review. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 9-13, 1996."
Pascual A: Uptake and intracellular activity of antimicrobial agents in phagocytic cells. Review Medical Microbiology 6: 228-235, 1995.
"Tulkens PM: Accumulation and subcellular distribution of antibiotics in macrophages in relation to activity against intracellular activity. Ciprofloxacin in Pulmonology Zuckschwerdt Verlag München, Ed Fass RJ: 12-20, 1990."
"Boeckh A, Boothe DM, Wilkie S: Time course of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite in periphal leucocytes of dogs. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21 (12): 40-43, 1999."
Boothe DM: Principles of drug selection for respiratory infections in cats. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 19 (3): 5-15, 1997.
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Excretion and Elimination
Brown SA: Fluoroquinolones in animal health. J vet Pharmacol Therap 19: 1-14, 1996.
Greene CE, Budsberg SG: Veterinary use of quinolones, in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents, ed 2. Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology: 473-488, 1993.
Petzinger E: Gyrasehemmstoffe, eine neue Klasse von Chemotherapeutika. Tierärztl Prax 19: 14-20, 1991.
Monlouis JD, DeJong A, Limet A, Richez P: Plasma pharmacokinetics and urine concentrations after oral administration of enrofloxacin to dogs. Proceedings 7th EAVPT Congress, Madrid: J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl 1): 61-63, 1997.
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Dosage and Duration of Therapy
Meinen JB, McClure JT, Rosin E: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in clinically normal dogs and mice and drug pharmacodynamics in neutropenic mice with Escherichia coli and staphylococcal infections. Am J Vet Res 56: 1219-1224, 1995.
Wetzstein HG, DeJong A: In vitro bactericidal activity and post antibiotic effect of fluoroquinolones used in veterinary medicine. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 22-29, 1996.
Boothe DM: Principles of drug selection for respiratory infections in cats. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 19 (3): 5-15, 1997.
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Safety/Toxicology
Boothe DM: Enrofloxacin revisited. Veterinary Medicine 8: 744-753, 1994.
Altreuther P: Safety and tolerance of enrofloxacin in dogs and cats. Proceedings 1st Int. Symposium on Baytril: 15-19, 1992.
Hooper DC, Wolfson JS: Adverse effects, in Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds): Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents, ed 2. Washington DC, American Society for Microbiology: 489-512, 1993.
Brown SA: Fluoroquinolones in animal health. J Vet Pharmacol Therapy 19: 1-14, 1996.
Altreuther P: Data on chemistry and toxicology of Baytril. Vet Med Rev 2: 87-89, 1987.
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General Considerations
Boothe DM: Principles of drug selection for respiratory infections in cats. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 19 (3): 5-15, 1997.
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Skin Infections |
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Antimicrobial Spectrum
Aucoin DP: TARGET, the antimicrobial reference guide to effective treatment. North American Compendiums Inc., 1993
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Skin Tissue Kinetics
DeManuelle TC, Ihrke PJ, Vulliet PR: Comparison of enrofloxacin skin concentrations in normal dogs and in dogs with pyoderma. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21(12): 49-56, 1999.
Stegemann M, Heukamp U, Scheer M, Krebber R: Kinetics of antibacterial activity after administration of enrofloxacin in dog serum and skin: in vitro susceptibility of field isolates. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2): 30-34, 1996.
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Clinical Use of Baytril
Ihrke PJ: Bacterial skin disease in the dog: a guide to canine pyoderma. Veterinary Learning Systems Kansas USA, 1996
DeManuelle TC, Ihrke PJ, Vulliet PR: Comparison of enrofloxacin skin concentrations in normal dogs and in dogs with pyoderma. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21(12): 49-56, 1999.
Koch HJ, Peters S: Use and effect of enrofloxacin in canine bacterial skin infections (pyoderma). Proceedings 1st Int. Symposium on Baytril: 41-48, 1992.
Miller WH: The use of enrofloxacin in canine and feline pyodermas and otitis in dogs. Proceedings 1st Int. Symposium on Baytril: 33-39, 1992.
Paradis M, Lemay S, Scott DW, Miller WH, Wellington J, Panich R: Efficacy of enrofloxacin in the treatment of canine pyoderma. Veterinary Dermatology 1: 123-127, 1990
Hove W, Lettow E, Opitz M: Erfahrungen mit dem Antiinfektivum Enrofloxacin (Baytril) bei Pyodermien von Hund und Katze. Kleintierpraxis 12: 817-822, 1992.
Koch HJ, Peters S: Antimicrobial therapy in German Shepherd dog pyoderma (GSP). An open clinical study. Veterinary Dermatology 7: 177-181, 1996.
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Antimicrobial Spectrum
Aucoin DP: TARGET, the antimicrobial reference guide to effective treatment. North American Compendiums Inc., 1993.
Studdert VP, Hughes KL: Treatment of opportunistic mycobacterial infections with enrofloxacin in cats. JAVMA, 9: 1388-1390, 1992.
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Drug Concentrations
Boeckh A., Boothe DM, Wilkie S: Time course of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite in periphal leucocytes of dogs. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 21 (12): 40-43, 1999.
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Clinical Use of Baytril
Hackmann F, Schierz G: Die Anwendung des Antiinfektivums Baytril in der Kleintierpraxis. Vet 10: 26-29, 1989.
Cardini G, Ambrogi C, Cerri D: Enrofloxacin: use in infections of the respiratory tract in dogs and cats. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 18 (2), 1996.
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Antimicrobial Spectrum
Aucoin DP: TARGET, the antimicrobial reference guide to effective treatment. North American Compendiums Inc., 1993.
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Drug Concentrations
Dorfman M, Barsanti JA, Budsberg SC: Enrofloxacin concentrations in dogs with normal prostate and dogs with chronic bacterial prostatitis. Am J Vet Res (3): 386-390, 1995.
Monlouis JD, DeJong A, Limet A, Richez P: Plasma pharmacokinetics and urine concentrations after oral administration of enrofloxacin to dogs. Proceedings 7th EAVPT Congress, Madrid: J vet Pharmacol Therap 20 (Suppl 1): 61-63, 1997.
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Clinical Use of Baytril
Hackmann F, Schierz G: Die Anwendung des Antiinfektivums Baytril in der Kleintierpraxis. Vet 10: 26-29, 1989.
Murasugi E, Amamori T, Ishii S, Matsuo K, Watabe S, Hatekayama H, Sekiguchi N, Fukomoto K: Clinical efficacy of enrofloxacin in dogs and cats with urinary tract infection. Journal of Veterinary Medicine (Tokyo) 10: 801-806, 1995.
Brondke D: Enrofloxacin – ein neues Antiinfektivum in der Veterinärmedizin – Einsatz bei Harnwegsinfektionen bei Hund und Katze. Kongressband DVG Tagung zu Gießen: 204-207, 1989.
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Other Animals
Goebel T: Clinical use of fluoroquinolones in exotic animals and small mammals. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet Vol. 18 (2): 49-57, 1996.
Collins B: Antimicrobial drug use in rabbits, rodents and other small mammals in Antimicrobial Therapy in Caged Birds and Exotic Pets an International Symposium, held at The North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando. Veterinary Learning Systems, Kansas USA, 3-10, 1995.
Marx KL, Roston MA: The Exotic Animal Drug Compendium – an international formulary.
Veterinary Learning Systems Trenton / New Jersey USA: 173-177, 1996.
Goebel T: Bacterial diseases and antimicrobial therapy in small mammals. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet Vol. 21, No.3 (E): 5-20, 1999.
Wasel E: Kapitel Meerschweinchen und Goldhamster, in Gabrisch K, Zwart P, (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Heimtiere, 3. Aufl. Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt Hannover: 47-99,1995.
Saupe E, Poduschka W: Kapitel Igel, in Gabrisch K, Zwart P, (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Heimtiere, 3. Aufl. Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt Hannover: 297-325, 1995.
Baumgartner R, Isenbügel E: Kapitel Wellensittiche, in Gabrisch K, Zwart P, (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Heimtiere, 3. Aufl. Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt Hannover: 429-486, 1995.
Dorrestein GM, Kummerfeld N: Kapitel Singvögel, in Gabrisch K, Zwart P, (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Heimtiere, 3. Aufl. Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt Hannover: 327-395, 1995.
Zwart P, Gabrisch K: Kapitel Schildkröten, Schlangen, in Gabrisch K, Zwart P, (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Heimtiere, 3. Aufl. Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt Hannover: 663-807, 1995.
Jacobson ER: Antimicrobial therapy in reptiles. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet Vol. 21, No.3 (E): 33-48, 1999.
Letcher J, Papich M: Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular administration of three antibiotics in bullfrogs, in Junge R (ed): Proc Am Assoc Zoo Vet: 79 – 93, 1994.
Lewbart GA: Koi medicine and management. Suppl Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet Vol. 20, No. 3(A): 5-12, 1998.
Mehlhorn B, Mehlhorn H, Schmahl G: Gesundheit für Zierfische, Parasiten erkennen und bekämpfen. Springer Verlag Berlin: 11-20, 1992.
Reimlinger M, Hoffmann R, Pfeil-Putzien C, Scheinert P: Enrofloxacin, ein neues Therapeutikum für Zierfische. Tierärztl. Prax.18: 653-657, 1990.
Tynes VV: Drug therapy in pet rodents. Veterinary Medicine Vol 93, 11: 988-991, 1998.
Bailey TA, Sheen RS, Silvanose C, Samour JH, Garner A, Harron DWG: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after intravenous, intramus-cular and oral administration in houbara bustard (Chlamydotis undulatus macqueenii). J. vet. Pharm. Therap. 21: 288-297, 1998.
Flammer K, Aucoin DP, Whitt DA: Intramuscular and oral disposition of enrofloxacin in African grey parrots following single and multiple doses. J. vet. Pharm. Therap. 14: 359-366, 1991.
Spoerle H: Untersuchungen zu den Blutspiegelverläufen der Antiinfektiva Ampicillin, Doxycillin und Enrofloxacin bei der Griechischen Landschildkröte (Testudo hermanni). Vet. Med. Diss., Gießen, 1992.
Cabanes A, Arboix M, Anton JMG, Reig F: Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular injection in rabbits. Am J Res, Vol 53, No. 11: 2090–2093, 1992.
Linnehan RM, Ulrich RW, Ridgway S: Enrofloxacin serum bioactivity in bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, following oral admini-stration of 5 mg/kg in whole fish. J.vet Pharmacol. Therap. 22, 170-173, 1999.
Ketz CJ: Therapie von Atemwegs- und Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen bei Kleinsäugern. Prakt. Tierarzt 78 (6): 460-469, 1997.
Zwart P: Kapitel Amphibien, in Gabrisch K, Zwart P, (Hrsg.): Krankheiten der Heimtiere, 3. Aufl. Schlütersche Verlagsanstalt Hannover: 859-891, 1995.
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